The TIOBE ranking for April 2025 brings some interesting changes in the programming languages landscape, but also a clear message: the market is becoming increasingly conservative, preferring established technologies over experiments.

Python consolidates its supremacy

The absolute leader is again Python, with a share of 23.08%, up by +6.67% compared to the same period last year. This language continues to be the favorite choice for education, science, AI, and web development, increasingly becoming the "de facto language" of the developer community.

Kotlin, Swift, and Ruby in decline

The headline of the month highlights that Kotlin, Ruby, and Swift — once constant presences in the top 20 — are losing relevance.

• Kotlin has long been a favorite for Android development, but modern cross-platform solutions like Flutter (with Dart), React Native, or even web apps have limited its growth.

• Swift, although performant for iOS/macOS, has never managed to capture a broad audience outside the Apple ecosystem.

• Ruby suffers from Python's dominance. Although it remains elegant and expressive, it has not kept pace with new market demands.

C++ returns to 2nd place

A pleasant surprise is C++, which climbs to 2nd place with 10.33%, surpassing classic C. It is possible that the increased interest in performance, embedded development, and video games has contributed to this revival.

Other notable movements

• Go, Visual Basic, and Delphi/Object Pascal record steady growth.

• Scratch, an educational language, remains in the top 15.

• Ada and Perl make a timid comeback, a sign that certain legacy industries still offer them a place.

Market consolidation

An interesting aspect is that the top 20 languages cover 83.56% of total global usage — an unexpectedly high percentage compared to the usual average of about 75%. This suggests a cautious market, where innovation is treated with restraint, and stable, well-supported languages are preferred.

📌 Recommendation for developers: If you want to stay relevant, invest in Python, C++, Java, and C#. If you are naturally curious, Rust or Go can be solid long-term bets.